Saudi Arabia, Jordan and the United Arab Emirates led regional states on Monday (9 February) in condemning Israel's move to ease settlement expansion and widen its powers in the occupied West Bank.
Two senior Israeli ministers said Sunday’s security cabinet decisions will make it easier for Jewish settlers to buy land there. They said the moves also expand Israeli authority in areas nominally under full Palestinian control.
However, a joint statement by foreign ministers of Middle Eastern and some other Muslim countries, including Egypt and Türkiye, denounced the decisions as a violation of international law that would undermine the vision of a two-state solution as well as stability in the region.
They said the moves displace Palestinians and impose unlawful Israeli sovereignty there. Annexing the territory has long been a priority of far-right parties in Netanyahu's coalition.
Jordan, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates and Türkiye all have diplomatic relations with Israel.
Saudi Arabia has said it will not establish such relations until the formation of a Palestinian state.
Most nations have long backed the creation of a Palestinian state alongside Israel as the best way to resolve the generations-old conflict and see the West Bank, which Israel has occupied since 1967, as the largest part of that future state.
Israeli Defence Minister Israel Katz and ultranationalist Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich issued a joint statement explaining the decisions of the five-member security cabinet, which were not published in full.
Smotrich, said in announcing the decisions that the government would "continue to kill the idea of a Palestinian state."
The security cabinet decided to repeal a law dating from Jordan's control of the West Bank before 1967, to make land registries public rather than confidential, and to remove a requirement for a permit from a civil administration office.
They said these moves would make it easier for Jews to purchase land.
Hagit Ofran from the Israeli settlement watchdog group Peace Now said the decision was barred by international law and represented a step toward annexation of the West Bank.
"The decision to allow every Israeli the right to buy land in the West Bank without government approval, without inspection, is also another way of saying it's normal life. It's not occupied territories, it's like part of Israel," she said.
Annexation is opposed by U.S. President Donald Trump, who last year said he would not allow Israel to carry out such a step.
"It's not going to happen," Trump, who is expecting Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu at the White House for a meeting, said in September.
U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres is "gravely concerned" about the situation, his spokesperson Stephane Dujarric said in a statement. He said Guterres warned that "the current trajectory on the ground, including this decision, is eroding the prospect for the two-State solution."
Katz and Smotrich also said that the Israeli government had decided to expand monitoring and enforcement actions regarding water offences, damage to archaeological sites and environmental hazards to areas A and B of the West Bank.
Under the Oslo interim peace accords of 1993, Area A was designated as under security control of the Palestinian Authority and Area B as under joint control with Israel. Most of the West Bank became Area C under full Israeli security control.
Those changes could allow the Israeli military to carry out demolitions of Palestinian property and prevent Palestinian development not only in Area C but throughout the West Bank, Peace Now said in a statement.
In Hebron, a West Bank city with extensive archaeological remains and a significant Israeli settler community, Palestinians voiced dismay at the decisions.
"It becomes easier to confiscate land, easier and faster to expand settlements and easier to demolish Palestinian homes," said Issa Amr, who heads an organisation in Hebron called Youth Against Settlements.
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