Global air travel remained in turmoil on Monday after U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iran and retaliatory strikes in the Gulf region prompted widespread airspace closures across the Middle East, disrupting one of the world’s most important aviation corridors.
For a third straight day, major Gulf hubs have remained closed or operating under heavy restrictions, leaving tens of thousands of passengers stranded and airlines scrambling to rework schedules.
The ripple effects were felt far beyond the Middle East, with stranded as far as Bali, Kathmandu and Frankfurt.
Experts warn the fallout could take weeks to unwind.
Dubai International, the busiest airport globally for international passenger traffic, has remained largely shut since the strikes and damage. Abu Dhabi and Doha have also suspended or drastically limited operations.
The impact is magnified by the dominance of Gulf carriers in long-haul travel. Emirates, Etihad Airways and Qatar Airways collectively connect Europe, Asia, Africa and Australasia through tightly scheduled hub networks.
Emirates said it's halted operations in and out of Dubai until 13:00 local time on Monday because of continuing airspace restrictions. Etihad said it's also suspended departures from Abu Dhabi until 06:00 local time.
The unrest has also affected civilian airport facilities. Since the strikes began, one person has died and 11 others have been injured at airports in Dubai and Abu Dhabi. Four of those hurt were employees working at Dubai International Airport.
Officials in the United Arab Emirates estimate that around 20,000 passengers are currently stranded within the country, with many thousands more affected internationally.
Hotels in key transit cities have filled rapidly, while passengers report long waits at airports and overloaded airline helplines. Several governments have advised citizens to remain in place until commercial routes reopen.
The UAE authorities have said they will cover accommodation costs for stranded travellers within their territory.
Traveller Ziying Zhou, had her flight to Dubai from China turned around mid‑journey. Speaking to Reuters from China's Weifang, she said the captain announced that it was unsafe to continue on to Dubai. Her flight returned back to its departure city of Qingdao.
"At first I was just really shocked because I never thought things like this, like war, would be kind of so close to me. I always just thought it's something that is just something you read in the news. But then actually getting on a long-haul flight and almost made it like kind of halfway there and then started to turn around all the way. It was just really shocking."
Airlines across Europe and Asia have either cancelled services to the Middle East or rerouted aircraft to avoid closed airspace, leading to widespread knock-on disruption.
Among those adjusting schedules are:
Some carriers have offered fee-free changes or refunds, but the scale of disruption has stretched customer service operations worldwide.
Airlines continue to monitor the security situation closely. Further escalation could widen the airspace closures, adding flight time and fuel costs for services forced to detour around the region.
For passengers, the advice remains straightforward: check directly with airlines before travelling and prepare for continued uncertainty.
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