Iran has supplied Russia with more than $4 billion worth of military equipment since late 2021, including missiles, drones and ammunition, according to assessments by Western security officials reported by Bloomberg.
The reported transfers began months before Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 and have continued throughout the war, contributing to Moscow’s military campaign.
According to the assessment, missile contracts signed from October 2021 were valued at about $2.7 billion and included hundreds of short-range ballistic missiles, as well as surface-to-air missiles linked to air defence systems. Among them were Fath-360 missiles, which have a range capable of reaching major Ukrainian cities near the front lines.
It also said that Iran has also supplied Russia with Shahed-136 attack drones and provided technical assistance that allowed Moscow to manufacture a domestic version known as the Geran-2. That cooperation was linked to a separate contract worth about $1.75 billion, signed in early 2023, the assessment said.
In addition to missiles and drones, Iran is reported to have delivered millions of rounds of ammunition and artillery shells to Russia, though officials said this does not represent the full scale of military support provided so far.
Since Russia's invasion of Urkaine, Tehran and Moscow have drawn closer as both countries face extensive Western sanctions. The two signed a strategic partnership agreement in January 2025, though it did not include a mutual defence clause.
Despite the growing cooperation, Russia did not provide direct military support to Iran during Israeli and U.S. strikes last year, highlighting the limits of the partnership.
At present, Iran faces intense international scrutiny over its handling of ongoing domestic protests. The United States has warned that military options remain under consideration in response to Tehran’s actions during the demonstrations. Latest death toll figures show more than 2,571 people have been reportedly killed during these last two weeks since the protests began.
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