The modern state has been formed within the framework of the principle of secularism. For this reason, the principle of secularism is reflected in constitutional texts, which are regarded as a social contract and regulate relations between the state and society (citizens).
As geopolitical tensions threaten the world’s vital energy corridors, the Strait of Malacca is emerging as a critical vulnerability in the strategic rivalry between China and the United States. Could the next major disruption to global trade unfold in Asian waters?
Wars rarely begin because everybody wants one. More often, governments misread intentions, underestimate their adversaries and convince themselves that escalation can still be controlled. That is the danger emerging around the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean.
Military power is usually measured by what a country possesses: fighter aircraft, tanks, warships, missile systems, ammunition stocks and defence budgets. These indicators remain important, but recent wars have exposed a weakness in this way of thinking.
The next oil shock may not begin at an oilfield. It may begin when a tanker captain refuses to sail, an insurer withdraws cover, a bank declines to finance a cargo, or a refinery discovers that crude oil is available but diesel is not.
BRICS has the scale to challenge the Western-led order. But it still lacks the political unity and financial machinery needed to turn its multipolar rhetoric into power.
Public records reveal a layered effort spanning a foundation-provided campaign hub, international lawyers, registered lobbyists, diaspora advocates and professional communications firms. The network is not secret, and its existence is not the scandal. The missing provenance often is.
Dario Amodei, the chief executive of Anthropic, has articulated one of the technology industry's most ambitious visions for artificial intelligence.
On 1 September 2026, the Non-Aligned Movement marked the 65th anniversary of its first conference. Belgrade once again hosted a high-level commemorative gathering at the movement's birthplace.
The SCO has extraordinary demographic and economic weight. Its challenge is turning scale into coherent action without losing the diversity that gives the organisation its reach.
Türkiye, Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Pakistan have turned crisis diplomacy into a habit. The Istanbul meeting will show whether R4 can become more than a room in which four ministers compare notes.
Over the course of my career, I have met thousands of people across countries, cultures, religions and political systems. One of the more puzzling lessons I have learnt about human nature, however, has little to do with economics or political science.
One hundred years after the First World War and more than eighty years after the devastation of the Second World War gave rise to the United Nations, humanity once again finds itself living in an age of permanent crisis.
The next political shock in Georgia may not weaken the ruling system. It may strengthen it.
For much of the post-Soviet era, Russia and Kazakhstan have maintained one of Eurasia’s most stable bilateral relationships. Deep economic ties, shared history and strategic geography continue to bind the two neighbours together, but Astana is increasingly pursuing a more independent path.
The recent hantavirus cluster aboard the Dutch-flagged expedition cruise ship MV Hondius in the South Atlantic serves as a sobering reminder that infectious disease threats continue to emerge in our interconnected world.
The European Union has held its first-ever summit with Armenia in Yerevan this week - a diplomatic milestone that produced a joint declaration, a new connectivity partnership and a broader commitment to deepen ties. For Armenia, it is a political moment. For Europe, it is a strategic signal.
Commemorating human suffering is a moral duty. Remembering the dead, acknowledging pain, and reaffirming a commitment to prevent future atrocities - these are responsibilities that transcend politics, geography and identity.
Central Asia is among the most climate-vulnerable regions globally, relying heavily on shrinking glaciers for water. Rising temperatures threaten future supplies, while droughts, heatwaves and land degradation increasingly affect agriculture and stability.
We live in an interconnected world where each international and regional crisis has far-reaching consequences. Every region, no matter how peripheral or small, can experience the repercussions of such geopolitical and geoeconomic pressures.
Moscow and Tehran - comprehensive strategic partners since October 2025 - appear to share a similar approach to warfare: harsh rhetoric paired with actions that contradict their claims and ultimately undermine their own strategic interests.
The collapse of the Islamabad meeting now appears less definitive than initially reported. New information suggests what was widely framed as failure may instead have been a premature political interpretation of an ongoing negotiation process.
The United Nations Security Council did not fail because it was silent after the war against Iran began on 28 February 2026.
In times of geopolitical upheaval, nuance is often the first casualty. Complex realities are reduced to convenient narratives and countries caught in the crosscurrents of regional tensions find themselves portrayed through a single, often misleading lens.
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