The long-running geopolitical tug-of-war over the world’s most popular short-form video application appears to have reached its finale, resolving a five-year saga that bridged two US presidencies and a brief nationwide service blackout.
Following months of high-stakes negotiation brokered by the returned Trump administration, the uncertainty surrounding TikTok’s presence in the American market has effectively ended. TikTok CEO Shou Zi Chew confirmed to staff on Thursday that parent company ByteDance has entered into binding agreements to divest a controlling stake in its American operations.
The Deal Structure
The agreement involves selling just over 80 per cent of the company’s US assets to a consortium of heavyweight investors. The buying group includes American cloud computing giant Oracle (ORCL.N), private equity firm Silver Lake, and the Abu Dhabi-based investment company MGX.
The new entity will operate under the name TikTok USDS Joint Venture LLC, explicitly referencing "US Data Security"—a nod to the years of legislative scrutiny regarding the app's handling of American user data. The deal is scheduled to close on January 22, 2026.
From Blackout to Buyout
The path to this sale has been volatile. While concerns over Chinese state influence began during Donald Trump’s first term in 2020, they culminated in the passing of a divest-or-ban law signed by President Joe Biden in April 2024.
The standoff reached its nadir on January 18, 2025, when the deadline for divestiture expired. For nearly 24 hours, TikTok ceased functioning for millions of American users and vanished from the Apple and Google app stores. Service was only restored the following day after then-President-elect Trump intervened, promising to revive the platform upon his inauguration—a stark reversal from his 2020 stance where he signed the initial executive order attempting to ban the app.
A Geopolitical Pivot
The sale represents a complex victory for all parties involved. For Washington, placing the platform under majority ownership of US-aligned entities like Oracle and Silver Lake addresses the national security concerns that drove the initial legislation. For ByteDance, retaining a minority stake allows them to keep a foothold in their most lucrative market, avoiding a total exit.
Analysts suggest the inclusion of Oracle is strategic, as the company has long been ByteDance’s partner in "Project Texas," an initiative designed to wall off US user data from Chinese servers.
Timeline: The Five-Year Saga of TikTok in the US
- 2017: ByteDance acquires US app Flipgram and lip-syncing platform Musical.ly.
- 2018: Musical.ly is integrated into TikTok, beginning its global rise.
- Aug 2020: President Trump issues an executive order banning transactions with ByteDance; the company selects Oracle as a technology partner to stave off the ban.
- Mar 2023: CEO Shou Zi Chew testifies before Congress for five hours, denying links to the Chinese Communist Party.
- April 2024: President Biden signs a law mandating ByteDance sell TikTok by January 2025 or face a total ban.
- Jan 18, 2025: The Blackout. TikTok stops working in the US as the Biden-era law takes effect.
- Jan 19, 2025: Service is restored following intervention by President-elect Trump, who extends the sale deadline multiple times throughout 2025.
- Sept 2025: US and Chinese officials reach a framework agreement for US-controlled ownership.
- Dec 18, 2025: ByteDance confirms the binding sale of 80% of US assets to Oracle, Silver Lake, and MGX. The deal is set to finalise in Jan 2026.
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