Swiss scientists explore living biocomputers built from human cells

Swiss researchers are developing biocomputers made from living cells, aiming to merge biology and computing in an energy-efficient system once confined to science fiction.

According to a BBC report, scientists are working toward creating data centres powered by living servers that can replicate artificial intelligence functions while consuming far less energy. The effort marks the rise of “wetware” – a biological complement to hardware and software.

One of the leaders in this field is Fred Jordan, co-founder of the FinalSpark laboratory, who said the project challenges how humans understand their own brains. “When you start to say, ‘I am going to use a neuron like a little machine,’ it gives you a different view of our own brain and makes you question what we are,” Jordan said, adding that the concept of biocomputers still feels like science fiction.

The process begins by obtaining stem cells from human skin cells, which are cultured and developed into small brain-like spheres called organoids. While these organoids are far less complex than the human brain, they share its essential components.

After months of development, the organoids are connected to electrodes and trained to respond to simple keyboard commands. When stimulated, they produce small electrical spikes that appear as activity traces on a computer screen, confirming that data transmission and reception are possible.

Researchers aim to strengthen the learning ability and responsiveness of these living neural systems. Jordan said the ultimate goal mirrors artificial intelligence: “You give some input, you want some output that is used. For instance, you give a picture of a cat, you want the output to say if it’s a cat.”

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