Estonia has triggered article 4 of the NATO treaty which requested a consultation with other Nato members after it said Russian warplanes violated its airspace on Friday.
According to the Estonian Government, three Russian fighter jets entered the Estonian skies and remained there for a total of 12 minutes.
But Russia said its jets did not violate Estonian airspace and flew over neutral waters of the Baltic Sea in proceeding from northwest Russia to the Russian Baltic exclave of Kaliningrad.
"The flight was carried out in strict conformity with international rules governing airspace with no violation of the borders of other states as is confirmed by independent checks," the Russian Defence Ministry said of the three MiG-31 fighters in a post on Telegram.
This is the second time a Nato member in Europe is triggering the the article 4 of the treaty after Poland invoked it on 10th September.
The Polish government did this after Russian drones violated its airspace with one of them going so far into its territory that airports had to be shut down.
Russia also denied that it had targeted Polish territory in a statement it released after the incident.
Estonian Prime Minister Kristen Michal said "Nato's response to any provocation must be united and strong".
"We consider it essential to consult with our allies to ensure shared situational awareness and to agree on our next joint steps," Michal said.
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