Singapore launches large-scale study on childhood food allergies

Singapore has launched its largest-ever study on paediatric food allergies, aiming to better understand and address the growing burden of allergic reactions among children.

A team of Singaporean clinicians and researchers from the country’s top medical institutions has initiated a comprehensive study on food allergies in local children, following a steady rise in clinical cases.

The four-year project, announced on Thursday (26 June) in a joint statement, marks the first national effort to map the scale, types, and impact of food allergies in the paediatric population.

The study is divided into two phases. The first phase, which began in February 2025, targets a broad community sample. Researchers aim to survey at least 2,000 parents and caregivers of children aged 12 to 24 months. These participants will complete detailed questionnaires about their children’s dietary experiences and potential allergic reactions. Those indicating signs of possible allergies will be referred to either the National University Hospital (NUH) or KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH) for clinical evaluation.

The second phase, set to commence in July 2025, will focus on a more targeted group of about 400 children aged 0 to 18 years who have had diagnosed allergies to milk, egg, peanut, or shellfish for at least six months. This stage will involve more detailed clinical assessments, including the physical, emotional, and psychological effects of food allergies on children and their families.

Clinicians at both NUH and KKH have observed a consistent increase in paediatric food allergy cases over recent years. Common allergens among younger children include eggs, milk, and peanuts, while shellfish is a frequent trigger in adolescents and young adults.

Dr Chong Kok Wee, a co-investigator from KKH, said the rise of food allergies is concerning. 

“We have seen a significant and worrying upward trend in food allergy cases. This study is timely and essential for shaping better care and prevention strategies.”

Lead principal investigator Dr Elizabeth Tham said the research also aims to explore how food allergies affect mental health and quality of life, particularly among older children and teenagers. She added that a deeper understanding of these aspects is vital to ensuring more holistic healthcare approaches in future.

Once completed, the data gathered from this nationwide study is expected to inform clinical guidelines, public health initiatives, and support systems for children living with food allergies in Singapore.

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