The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has ruled that Google’s refusal to allow Enel’s JuicePass app access to its Android Auto platform constitutes an abuse of its dominant market position, siding with Italy’s antitrust authority.

The decision, which is final and cannot be appealed, comes after the Italian watchdog fined Google 102 million euros in 2021 for blocking the e-mobility app - a tool designed to help drivers navigate and send messages safely while on the road.

Google had argued that its decision was based on security concerns and the absence of a clear template for refusing compatibility, contending that implementing interoperability would compromise the integrity of its platform. The company challenged the fine at the Italian Council of State, which subsequently sought guidance from the CJEU. Although Google has since enabled the requested feature, its stance during the dispute has raised broader questions about the responsibilities of dominant firms to ensure interoperability.

In its judgment, the CJEU noted, “A refusal by an undertaking in a dominant position to ensure that its platform is interoperable with an app of another undertaking, which thereby becomes more attractive, can be abusive.” However, the court also acknowledged that a company could justify its refusal if no standard template exists or if compatibility poses a security risk. In such cases, the dominant firm is expected to develop an appropriate template within a reasonable timeframe.

A Google spokesperson stated, “We prioritise building the features drivers need most because we believe that innovation should be driven by user demand, not specific companies' requests.” The spokesperson added that at the time of the request, the feature was relevant for only 0.04% of cars in Italy.

The ruling is expected to guide future actions by other dominant companies in similar situations. The Italian Council of State will now rule on Google’s appeal in line with the CJEU decision, as stakeholders across the technology and automotive sectors await further developments.

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