Natural gas storage in Europe has dropped to approximately 49%.
Natural gas storage in Europe, a critical component of the region's energy security, has dropped to approximately 49%, a notable decrease from the 67% occupancy rate recorded at the same time last year.
With increasing worries about supply disruptions, the current levels have sparked concerns over Europe's ability to meet future demand.
The EU's annual natural gas consumption exceeds 400 billion cubic meters, a significant figure compared to Europe's total storage capacity of around 113 billion cubic meters. Among the 27 EU member states, 18 have natural gas storage facilities that play a vital role in managing supply and ensuring energy security. Storage levels are being closely monitored, as experts anticipate tightening markets this summer due to increased demand for replenishing dwindling reserves.
Among EU countries, France, one of the region’s largest energy consumers, holds the lowest natural gas storage occupancy rate at just 29.85%. This puts France far below the European Commission's new target for natural gas storage, which is set at 90% for November 2025.
While France struggles with its energy management, some EU countries are faring better. Portugal’s gas storage is fully stocked, followed by Sweden at 88% and Spain at 69%. These varying levels highlight the differences in preparedness across the region.
Once heavily reliant on Russian gas, the EU's imports from Russia have drastically reduced due to the ongoing war in Ukraine. As a result, the amount of Russian gas transported to Europe via pipelines dropped by 28.4% in 2023 compared to 2022, reaching just 14.6 billion cubic meters, according to data from the Ukrainian government.
Additionally, the natural gas transit agreement between Russia and Ukraine expired on December 31, 2024. In response, EU countries have turned to liquefied natural gas (LNG) imports and adopted energy efficiency measures.
Experts point to the current low storage levels as a sign of the failure of gas security policies that were implemented following the 2022 crisis. Researchers predict a potential gas shortage by the end of winter, which could lead to costly policy adjustments and a global rush to restock supplies.
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