Apple and China: The Global Production Hub and Dependency Challenge

WSJ

Shift from the US to China

In the early 1990s, Apple was determined to continue producing computers in the US. However, financial difficulties forced the company in 1996 to move production overseas—initially to other contract manufacturers within the US, and later primarily to China. This shift played a crucial role in Apple becoming one of the world’s most valuable tech companies.

The “Apple Squeeze” and partnership with China

Apple sends its engineers to Chinese factories to train contractors to meet its high standards, sharing production technologies and knowledge. This strategy is known as the “Apple Squeeze.” Beijing views this cooperation as a contribution to the country’s technological advancement.

Criticism and political challenges

Working conditions and labor rights at Apple’s Chinese contractors have drawn international media attention. At the same time, rising tensions between the US and China pose significant risks for Apple. The company is trying to diversify production by investing more in India, but this is a long and costly process.

Looking ahead

Apple is increasing investments in US manufacturing, but its dependence on China remains strong. The Chinese government’s economic and political influence plays a major role in shaping Apple’s decisions, creating vulnerabilities in the company’s global supply chain.

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