U.S. officials have privately expressed frustration over Australia’s decision to send 49 retired M1A1 Abrams tanks to Ukraine, as the first vehicles begin their journey to Europe amid growing concerns about their battlefield effectiveness and long-term sustainability.

The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) confirmed that loading of the tanks onto a cargo ship has commenced, though the federal government is withholding details about their transit and arrival timeline for security reasons. The donation was finalized following the necessary U.S. export approval, as the Abrams tanks are American-made.

During a recent meeting in Rome, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy personally thanked Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese for the shipment, which marks one of Australia's most substantial military contributions to Ukraine to date. However, behind the scenes, U.S. officials remain skeptical.

“Last year, even before Donald Trump returned as president, we warned the Australians that sending these Abrams tanks would be complicated,” one U.S. official told the ABC on condition of anonymity. “Once they finally get to the battlefield, the Ukrainians will find them difficult to sustain.”

Concerns have also emerged within the Australian Defence establishment. An unnamed official noted that while the gesture demonstrates support, the practicality of deploying older heavy tanks in a drone-dominated war is questionable. “We are starting to doubt if the Ukrainians actually want these vehicles. The tank roof is the weakest point of the Abrams, and this is a drone war,” the official said.

Despite these concerns, the donation was welcomed by Ukraine’s ambassador to Australia, Vasyl Myroshnychenko, who has consistently advocated for stronger Australian military support. In contrast, Defence Minister Richard Marles declined to address whether U.S. officials had directly raised objections.

“We've been working very closely with Ukraine, very closely with the United States, to see this shipment occur and to see the tanks be on their way,” Marles said during a press briefing in Melbourne. “The first tranche has been on their way now for some time, but I'm not going to go into the specific details of that.”

The tanks are expected to pass through a logistics hub in Poland, which experienced disruptions earlier this year due to a temporary suspension of U.S. military aid by President Trump. The hub has since resumed full operations.

Australia’s Defence Department reaffirmed that delivery remains on track for 2025, with continued coordination underway regarding sustainment and training. The controversy follows last year’s decision by the Albanese government to decline Ukraine’s request for retired Taipan helicopters, citing operational complexity.

As the war in Ukraine evolves, the utility and sustainability of donated heavy equipment like the Abrams tanks remain a point of debate among allies, raising questions about how best to tailor military aid to the realities of modern warfare.

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