Trump, Denmark and Greenland sign deal to expand U.S. military presence

Trump, Denmark and Greenland sign deal to expand U.S. military presence
Donald Trump, Mette Frederiksen and Jens-Frederik Nielsen show signed documents on Greenland's security in New York, U.S., 22 September 2026.
Reuters

U.S. President Donald Trump, Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen and Greenland Prime Minister Jens-Frederik Nielsen signed an agreement on Tuesday allowing a larger U.S. military presence in Greenland, easing a months-long dispute over the strategically located Arctic island.

The agreement, signed on the sidelines of the United Nations General Assembly in New York, falls short of Trump's earlier push for the United States to take control of Greenland.

Instead, it provides for an expanded U.S. military presence while maintaining Greenland's status as a semi-autonomous territory of the Kingdom of Denmark.

Danish and Greenlandic officials have said the agreement respects Greenland's sovereignty and right to self-determination.

The agreement allows the United States to establish a “Golden Dome” missile defence system in Greenland and opens the way for new military facilities at Narsarsuaq and Mestersvig, alongside the existing Pituffik Space Base.

Trump said the United States would begin developing a larger military presence on the island, which he has described as important to U.S. security.

The agreement amends a 1951 defence treaty that provides the legal basis for the U.S. military presence in Greenland.

A shift from Trump's earlier demands

Trump's earlier refusal to rule out military or economic force to acquire Greenland triggered a diplomatic crisis within NATO and led to months of negotiations with Denmark and Greenland.

The new agreement represents a shift from those demands towards a larger U.S. security role on the island. It also restricts the ability of U.S. adversaries to establish military bases or make certain sensitive investments in Greenland.

Houses stand in front of the mountain Sermitsiaq, in Nuuk, Greenland, 19 September 2026.
Reuters

Frederiksen said the agreement underlined the importance of NATO and respected Greenland's right to self-determination.

Nielsen also stressed the importance of maintaining a strong NATO presence in the Arctic.

Greenland's strategic position

Greenland lies between the Arctic and North America and is strategically located along routes between Europe and North America. The island also has significant mineral and energy resources.

The United States has maintained a military presence there since the Second World War and currently operates Pituffik Space Base in north-western Greenland.

The agreement marks the first major planned expansion of U.S. military infrastructure on the island since the Cold War, when the United States operated numerous installations there.

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