The Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) reports that March 2025 was the second-warmest globally and the warmest on record in Europe, signaling ongoing changes in global climate trends.
According to data released by the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), March 2025 experienced abnormally high temperatures both globally and regionally, making it the second-warmest March on record worldwide.
The global average surface air temperature reached 14.06°C, which is 0.65°C above the 1991–2020 average and 1.6°C higher than pre-industrial levels. Europe recorded its warmest March ever, with land temperatures averaging 2.41°C above normal. The most extreme warmth was observed in Eastern Europe and southwest Russia, while the Iberian Peninsula remained cooler than usual.
Beyond Europe, significantly above-average temperatures were recorded in the Arctic, much of North America, parts of Asia, and Australia. However, northern Canada and eastern Russia saw colder-than-average conditions.
Sea surface temperatures also remained exceptionally high. The global average for March (between 60°S and 60°N) reached 20.96°C — the second-highest on record for that month. Notably, sea temperatures in the Mediterranean and the northeast Atlantic broke previous records.
The Arctic sea ice extent reached its lowest March level in the 47-year satellite record, continuing a four-month streak of record-breaking lows. Antarctic sea ice extent was also significantly diminished, standing 24% below average.
Precipitation patterns reflected the instability of the global climate. Southern Europe was affected by heavy storms and flooding, particularly across the Iberian Peninsula. In contrast, areas such as the UK, Ireland, central Europe, and regions around the Black Sea experienced drier-than-normal conditions.
Elsewhere, drought gripped parts of North America, Asia, southern Africa, and Australia, while regions like eastern Canada, the Middle East, and northeastern Australia saw higher-than-average rainfall.
These observations underscore the persistent shifts in climate patterns worldwide, reinforcing concerns about the accelerating impacts of global warming.
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