Russia's budget deficit reached 3.69 trillion roubles ($46.89 billion), or 1.7% of gross domestic product (GDP), in the first half of the year, the same as expected for the full year, the finance ministry said.

The deficit for the first half of the year was higher than in the first five months of 2025, when it stood at 1.5% of GDP. In the first half of 2024 the deficit stood at 0.3% of GDP.

The ministry said that fiscal spending in the first half grew by 20.2% while revenues increased by only 2.8%. Russia's energy revenues fell by 17% compared to the same period last year.

Russia raised the 2025 budget deficit estimate to 1.7% of gross domestic product in April from 0.5% after reducing the energy revenue forecast by 24%, expecting a prolonged period of low oil prices.

State spending on national defence was hiked by a quarter in 2025 to 6.3% of GDP, the highest since the Cold War, as the country continued its war in Ukraine, now in its fourth year.

The government is planning to tap its fiscal reserves for 447 billion roubles, or about one-tenth of its liquid assets, to balance the budget in 2025. The Finance Ministry is planning another revision of the budget in autumn.
 

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