Philippine Defence Secretary Gilberto Teodoro said on Monday that China could view recent cuts to U.S.-South Korea military exercises as an opportunity to reassert itself in the Indo-Pacific.
Teodoro, speaking to Reuters on the sidelines of the Seoul Defense Dialogue, also accused China of exploiting democratic systems to spread what he called “distortive narratives.”
He added that Washington had given Manila “definite assurances” its commitments to the Philippines remained unchanged.
In August, South Korea and the United States scaled back their annual joint military exercises following an order from U.S. President Donald Trump to substantially reduce American participation.
The Ulchi Freedom Shield drills, which began on 17 August, ran until 21 August instead of the 27th. Some field manoeuvres were also reduced, while other live-training activities were cancelled or replaced with computer simulations. The allies said the changes preserved essential military readiness.
Trump's decision to scale back the exercises has prompted a debate among security analysts over the credibility of U.S. deterrence in Asia and whether rivals such as China could perceive a weakening of U.S. resolve.
“It is a possibility, of course. China is very quick to exploit gaps,” Teodoro said when asked whether Beijing could seize on the move.
“If we're talking about the Indo-Pacific as a whole, then it may signal some opportunity for China to reassert itself,” he said.
Teodoro said, however, that Manila had received “definite assurances” from Washington and that there was “no indication” that the changes in South Korea would affect commitments under the U.S.-Philippines Mutual Defense Treaty.
Manila has deepened defence cooperation with the United States under President Ferdinand Marcos Jr., including expanded joint exercises and greater access for U.S. forces to Philippine military facilities, as tensions with China have intensified in the South China Sea.
Teodoro said Manila was also broadening security ties with other partners. The Philippines recently concluded agreements with Canada and New Zealand, signed a visiting forces agreement with France, and was negotiating a similar pact with Britain, he said.
The defence chief also accused China of relying increasingly on influence operations alongside military and maritime pressure.
“Definitely it takes advantage of democratic space in order to co-opt people and to use a free media to expand its distortive narratives,” he said.
Teodoro said the Philippines was pursuing stronger espionage and foreign influence legislation to counter such activities.
Asked about Marcos' recent remarks that progress was being made toward possible joint oil and gas exploration talks with China, Teodoro struck a cautious note, saying it would be “doubtful” that any economic cooperation could be insulated from longstanding sovereignty disputes in the South China Sea.
China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and its embassy in Manila did not immediately respond to a request for comment on Teodoro's remarks.
Teodoro was in Seoul for talks aimed at expanding defence cooperation with South Korea, one of the Philippines' largest arms suppliers.
South Korea has supplied the Philippines with FA-50 light combat aircraft, frigates and other military equipment as Manila modernises its armed forces.
He said the Philippines was interested in deeper industrial cooperation and emerging defence technologies from South Korea, but indicated that a long-discussed submarine acquisition programme remained some way off.
“The submarine program is still under review,” he said, citing questions over mission requirements and the substantial infrastructure needed to support such a capability. “I would say it will be still a way off.”
Teodoro said concerns about China's actions were encouraging closer security cooperation among countries across the region and could ultimately lead to a more interconnected Indo-Pacific security network.
“I believe so because the motivating factor there is China,” he said.
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